Information below focuses on outdoor perennial plant production. This is an area in which there is little published information, but, here at the University of Minnesota, we are building a body of information to help growers from Miami to Seattle! We will be adding more information here shortly.
GENERAL INFORMATION
Outdoor containerized perennial production.
Cut flower production of field-grown herbaceous perennials at UConn (Bridgen, 1993).
A fragrant garden (van Der Walt, 2006).
Propagation:
Perennial propagators' successes and challenges: results of a national survey (Owen and Lopez, 2016).
Perennial Flowering:
Perennials (Schwarze, 1993).
Efficacy of lamp types at controlling flowering (Runkle, 2016).
Forcing Perennials:
Forcing perennials (Nordwig and Erwin, 1996).
Quick-cropping perennials (Enfield, Heins, Runkle and Cameron, 2004).
Forcing perennials: cold requirements (Clough, Finical, Cameron, Heins and Carlson, 1998).
Herbaceous perennials: Quickcropping Part I (Enfield, Runkle, Heins, Cameron and Cralson, 2002).
Herbaceous perennials: Quick cropping II (Enfield, Runkle, Heins, Cameron and Carlson, 2002).
Herbaceous perennials: Quick cropping III (Enfield, Runkle, Heins, Cameron and Carlson, 2002).
Forcing perennials: Summary tables (Cameron, Runkle, Heins, Fausey and Whitman, 2003).
Manipulating daylength to flower perennials (Runkle, Heins, cameron and Carlson, 1996).
Fired up perennials: Beyond 2000 (Cameron, Fausey, Heins and Carlson, 2000).
Perennials: best long-day treatments for your varieties (Hamaker, Heins, Cameron and Carlson, 1996).
Turning perennials inside out (Behe, Cameron, Carlson, Fausey, Kelley, Kern, Moore, Nausieda and Walden, 2002).
Configure:
Application of Configure in perennial production
Using plant growth regulators on containerized herbaceous perennials
Increasing branching on herbaceous perennials
Configure on perennials (Latimer)
Influence of Benzyladenine, Trinexapac-ethyl, or Uniconazole applications on height and tillering of six ornamental grasses (Padhye and Groninger, 2009)
Bulking and height control of purple fountain grass with plant growth regulators (Owen and Lopez, 2017)
Florel:
Forcing perennials: Florel (Hayashi, Heins, Cameron and Carlson, 2000).
Plant Growth Retardants:
Using Topflor with greenhouse perennials
Herbaceous perennials: Plant growth retardants (Olrich, Joeright, Heins, Runkle, and Cameron, 2003).
Forcing perennials: Plant growth regulators (Joeright, Whitman, Heins, Cameron and Carlson, 2001).
Using plant growth retardants to control the height of herbaceous perennials (Hamaker, Engle, Heins, Carlson, and Cameron, 1996).
Using Topflor, Part II: Perennial Plants (Latimer et al., 2003. GPN February, 48-56).
Growth regulators for containerized herbaceous perennial plants (2020-2021; GrowerTalks).
Controlling Plant Height (Chemical free):
Forcing perennials: Control of plant height (Heins, Runkle, Cameron and Carlson, 1999).
Tender Perennials:
Tender perennials (Cameron, Fausey, Whitman and Runkle, 2004).
Propagation:
Perennial propagators' successes and challenges: results of a national survey (Owen and Lopez, 2016).
Herbaceous perennial propagation (Joeright, Tschirhart, Heins, Cameron and Carlson, 2001).
Propagating perennials vegetatively (Perry).
Nutrition:
Forcing perennials: root zone management (Biernbaum and Morrison, 1999).
Overwintering:
Overwintering perennials: Plan ahead to fungicide drench and cover (Brusker, 2014)
Weed Control:
Challenges of managing weeds in perennial production (ornsymtalk3).
A review of weed control practices in landscape planting beds: Part I - Nonchemical weed control methods. (Marble et al., 2015. Hortscience, 50(6): 851-856.).
A review of weed control practices in landscape planting beds: Part II - Chemical weed control methods. (Marble et al., 2015. HortScience, 50(6): 857-862.).
Alternatives to herbicides (Derr, Virginia Tech.).
Weed control and phytotoxicity of selected herbicides for container production. (Case and Mathers).
SPECIFIC CROPS
Achillea:
Forcing Perennials: Achillea (Nausieda, Smith, Hayahsi, Fausey, Cameron, Heins and Carlson, 2000).
Adenanthos:
Adenanthos (Seed notes from Western Australia, #4, 1-4).
Agastache:
Forcing perennials: Agastache (Fausey, Runkle, Heins, Cameron and Carlson, 2002).
Aquilegia:
Production tips for top performers: Aquilegia vulgaris 'Winky Double Red and White' and 'Winky Double Dark Blue and White (Whitman and Padhye, 2008).
Forcing perennials: Aquilegia (Whitman, Cameron, Runkle and Heins, 2003).
Anemone:
Forcing Perennials: Anemone (Chong, Heins, Clough, Carmeron and Carlson, 2000).
Aster:
Comparative study of cultivated asters (Hawke, 2013)
Aster dumosus 'Sapphire' (Pilon, 2005)
Astilbe:
Perennial forcing: Astilbe (Runkle, Heins, Cameron and Carlson, 1998).
Bamboo:
A manual for vegetative propagation of bamboo (Banik, 1995).
Campanula:
Herbaceous perennials: Campanula punctata (Whitman, Cameron, Runkle and Heins, 2003).
Production tips for top performers: Campanula persicifolia 'Takion Blue' and 'Takion White' (Whitman and Padhye, 2008).
Cool Campanula (Padhye, Whitman, Runkle and Cameron, 2006).
Forcing perennials: Campanula 'Birch Hybrid' (Finical, Frane, Cameron, Heins, and Carlson, 1998).
Forcing perennials: Campanula carpatica 'Blue Clips' (Whitman, Heins, Cameron and Carlson, 1995).
Ceratostigma:
Herbaceous perennials: Ceratostigma plumbaginoides (Niu, Griffing, Runkle, Heins, Cameron and Carlson, 2001).
Chasmanthium latifolium:
Production tips for top performers: Chasmanthium latifolium (Padhye and Whitman, 2008).
Chrysanthemum:
Using controlled release fertilizers to produce garden mums (Catlin and Mattson, 2014)
Day neutral chrysanthemums (1990)
Garden mum production (Erwin, 2002).
Guide to successful outdoor garden mum production (Whipker and Cloyd)
To pinch or not to pinch (Heins)
'Tis the season to protect your mums from rust (Catlin, 2012)
Garden Mum propagation (Yoder Bros.)
Clematis:
Plant evaluation notes: Clematis for Northern landscapes (Hawke, 1997).
Clematis (Iowa Extension Service, 2013).
Corydalis:
Herbaceous perennials: noteworthy plants (Fausey, Cameron and Heins, 2001).
Coreopsis:
Production tips for top performers: Coreopsis 'Limerock Dream' and 'Limerock Passion'. (Padhye, Cameron and Whitman, 2008).
Coreopsis: A great all-american genus (Padhye and Camerob, 2005).
Effect of forcing temperature on time to flower of Coreopsis grandiflora, Gaillardia x grandiflora, Leucanthemum x superbum, and Rudbeckia fulgida (Yuan, Carlson, Heins, and Cameron, 1998).
Forcing perennials: Coreopsis verticillata (Hamaker, Heins, Cameron and Carlson, 1996).
Forcing perennials: Coreopsis grandiflora (Yuan, Heins, Cameron, and Carlson, 1996).
How to grow Coreopsis (Carey and Heims, 2012)
Dahlias:
Efficacy of A-Rest, Bonzi, and Sumagic on growth of tuberous rooted dahlias (Whipker)
Delphinium:
Forcing perennials: Delphinium (Whitman, Cameron, Runkle and Heins, 2003).
Forcing perennials: Delphinium Blue Mirrors (Frane, Wang, Heins, Carlson and Cameron, 1998).
Digitalis:
Herbaceous perennials: Digitalis (Foxglove) (Fausey, Cameron, Heins and Runkle, 2003).
Echinacea:
Evaluating new Echinacea cultivars (Whitman, Padhye, Cameron, Runkle, and DuRussel, 2007).
Controlling flowering of Echinacea (Warner, Runkle, Padhye and Whitman, Feb 13).
Echinacea 'Sunrise' & 'Harvet Moon' (Padhye and Whitman, 2008).
Forcing perennials: Echinacea purpurea 'Bravado' (Finical, Runkle, Heins, Cameron and Carlson, 1998).
Gaillardia:
Production tips for top performers: Gaillardia 'Oranges & Lemons' (Padhye and Whitman, 2008).
Effect of forcing temperature on time to flower of Coreopsis grandiflora, Gaillardia x grandiflora, Leucanthemum x superbum, and Rudbeckia fulgida (Yuan, Carlson, Heins, and Cameron, 1998).
Forcing perennials: Gaillardia x grandiflora (Yuan, Heins, Carlson, and Cameron, 1996).
Gaura:
Potted plant production of Gaura lindheimeri (Anderson and Peters, 2002).
Geranium:
Production tips for top performers: Geranium 'ozanne' (Whitman and Padhye, 2008).
Herbaceous perennials: noteworthy plants - Geranium sanguineum 'New Hampshire Purple' (Fausey, Cameron and Heins, 2001).
Forcing perennials: Geranium dalmaticum (Finical, Frane, Korman, Cameron, Heins, and Carlson, 1998).
Hardy geraniums (Faustgen, 1993).
Grasses:
Ornamental grasses: Not all grasses are created equal (Pilon, 2012)
Heuchera:
Forcing perennials: Heuchera (Fausey, Runkle, Cameron, Heins, Carlson, 2000).
Heuchera: pH induced iron toxicity (Taylor and Whipker, 2017)
Hardy Hibiscus:
Warm climate production guidelines for hardy hibiscus (Schoellhorn and Richardson, ENHFL04-11)
Modeling the effect of temperature on flowering of Hibiscus moscheutos (Wang, Heins, Carlson, and Cameron. 1998).
Forcing perennials: Hibiscus moscheutos (Wang, Heins, Carlson and Cameron, 1998).
Production tips for top performers: Hibiscus moscheutos (Whitman and Padhye, 2009).
Hosta:
Forcing perennials: Hosta (Fausey, Cameron, Heins and Carlson, 1999).
Lavendula:
Production tips for top performers: Lavandula stoechas (Whitman and Padhye, 2009).
Forcing perennials: Lavandula angustifolia (Whitman, Heins, cameron and Carlson, 1996).
Leucanthemum:
Forcing perennials: Leucanthemum x superbum 'Snowcap' (Runkle, Yuan, Morrison, heins, Cameron, and Carlson, 1998).
Effect of forcing temperature on time to flower of Coreopsis grandiflora, Gaillardia x grandiflora, Leucanthemum x superbum, and Rudbeckia fulgida (Yuan, Carlson, Heins, and Cameron, 1998).
LIRIOPE:
A horticultural study of Liriope and Ophiopogon: nomenclature, morphology, and culture (Broussard, 2007. PhD Thesis, Louisiana State University).
Species of Liriope cultivated in the Southeastern United States. (Fantz, 2008. HortTech., 18(3):343-348).
Liriope culture in Georgia. (Midcap and Clay, 2009. Georgia Ext Bull #755).
Overview of Liriope and Ophiopogon (Ruscaceae) naturalized and commonly cultivated in teh USA. (Nesom, 2010. Phytoneuron, 56:1-31).
Lily-turf: Liriope mascara. (Popenoe, 2008. IFAS extension bulletin).
Liriope 'Purple Explosion': Cultural information.
Lobelia:
Forcing perennials: Lobelia speciosa (Frane, Runkle, heins, Carlson and Cameron, 1998).
Nepeta:
Production tips for top performers: Nepeta x faassenii 'Walker's Low' (Padhye and Whitman, 2008).
Oenothera:
Forcing perennials: Oenothera fruticosa (Clough, Cameron, Heins and Cameron, 1999).
Ornamental Grasses:
Ornamental grasses - a new wave in floriculture crops (Cameron, 2004).
Oxalis:
Herbaceous perennials: Oxalis crassipes 'Rosea' (Whitman, Fausey, Runkle, heins, Cameron and Carlson, 2001).
Pachysandra:
Forcing perennials: Pachysandra terminalis (Niu, Runkle, Heins, Cameron and Carlson, 2001).
Pennisetum:
Perennials forcing: Pennisetum 'Purple Fountain' grass (Cameron, Fausey, Kern, Moore and Carlson, 2002).
Cultivating Purple Fountain Grass (Wang, Carlson, Gao, Cameron and Heins, 1999).
Bulking and height control of purple fountain grass with plant growth regulators (Owen and Lopez, 2017)
Penstemon:
Production tips for top performers: Penstemon (Whitamn and Padhye, 2008).
Forcing perennials: Penstemon 'Husker Red' (Clough, Cameron, Heins and Carlson, 2000).
Phlox:
Forcing perennials: Phlox paniculata (Enfield, Runkle, Heins, and Cameron, 2003).
Forcing perennials: Phlox subulata (Runkle, Heins, Cameron and Carlson, 2001).
Physostegia:
Forcing perennials: Physostegia (Hamaker, Heins, Cameron and Carlson, 1996).
Rudbeckia:
Effect of forcing temperature on time to flower of Coreopsis grandiflora, Gaillardia x grandiflora, Leucanthemum x superbum, and Rudbeckia fulgida (Yuan, Carlson, Heins, and Cameron, 1998).
Forcing perennials: Rudbeckia fulgida 'Goldstrum' (Yuan, Runkle, Heins, Cameron and Carlson, 1996).
Salvia:
Production tips for top performers: Salvia sylvestris (Whitman and Padhye, 2008).
Saxifraga:
Forcing perennials: Saxifraga x arendsii (Clough, cameron, heins and Carlson, 1999).
Scabiosa:
Herbaceous perennials: Scabiosa columbaria (Runkle, Heins, cameron and Carlson, 2001).
Sedum:
Forcing perennials: Sedum spectabile x telephium 'Autumn Joy' (Smith, Koreman, Frane, Heins, Cameron, and Carlson, 1998).
Stokesia:
Forcing perennials: Stokesia laevis 'Klaus Jelitto' (Clough, Cameron, Heins and Carlson, 1999).
Tritonia:
Spectacular, rewarding tritonias. (Duncan, 2006).
Veronica:
Forcing perennials: Veronica longifolia 'Sunny Border Blue' (Runkle, Heins, Cameron and Carlson, 1995).
GENERAL INFORMATION
Outdoor containerized perennial production.
Cut flower production of field-grown herbaceous perennials at UConn (Bridgen, 1993).
A fragrant garden (van Der Walt, 2006).
Propagation:
Perennial propagators' successes and challenges: results of a national survey (Owen and Lopez, 2016).
Perennial Flowering:
Perennials (Schwarze, 1993).
Efficacy of lamp types at controlling flowering (Runkle, 2016).
Forcing Perennials:
Forcing perennials (Nordwig and Erwin, 1996).
Quick-cropping perennials (Enfield, Heins, Runkle and Cameron, 2004).
Forcing perennials: cold requirements (Clough, Finical, Cameron, Heins and Carlson, 1998).
Herbaceous perennials: Quickcropping Part I (Enfield, Runkle, Heins, Cameron and Cralson, 2002).
Herbaceous perennials: Quick cropping II (Enfield, Runkle, Heins, Cameron and Carlson, 2002).
Herbaceous perennials: Quick cropping III (Enfield, Runkle, Heins, Cameron and Carlson, 2002).
Forcing perennials: Summary tables (Cameron, Runkle, Heins, Fausey and Whitman, 2003).
Manipulating daylength to flower perennials (Runkle, Heins, cameron and Carlson, 1996).
Fired up perennials: Beyond 2000 (Cameron, Fausey, Heins and Carlson, 2000).
Perennials: best long-day treatments for your varieties (Hamaker, Heins, Cameron and Carlson, 1996).
Turning perennials inside out (Behe, Cameron, Carlson, Fausey, Kelley, Kern, Moore, Nausieda and Walden, 2002).
Configure:
Application of Configure in perennial production
Using plant growth regulators on containerized herbaceous perennials
Increasing branching on herbaceous perennials
Configure on perennials (Latimer)
Influence of Benzyladenine, Trinexapac-ethyl, or Uniconazole applications on height and tillering of six ornamental grasses (Padhye and Groninger, 2009)
Bulking and height control of purple fountain grass with plant growth regulators (Owen and Lopez, 2017)
Florel:
Forcing perennials: Florel (Hayashi, Heins, Cameron and Carlson, 2000).
Plant Growth Retardants:
Using Topflor with greenhouse perennials
Herbaceous perennials: Plant growth retardants (Olrich, Joeright, Heins, Runkle, and Cameron, 2003).
Forcing perennials: Plant growth regulators (Joeright, Whitman, Heins, Cameron and Carlson, 2001).
Using plant growth retardants to control the height of herbaceous perennials (Hamaker, Engle, Heins, Carlson, and Cameron, 1996).
Using Topflor, Part II: Perennial Plants (Latimer et al., 2003. GPN February, 48-56).
Growth regulators for containerized herbaceous perennial plants (2020-2021; GrowerTalks).
Controlling Plant Height (Chemical free):
Forcing perennials: Control of plant height (Heins, Runkle, Cameron and Carlson, 1999).
Tender Perennials:
Tender perennials (Cameron, Fausey, Whitman and Runkle, 2004).
Propagation:
Perennial propagators' successes and challenges: results of a national survey (Owen and Lopez, 2016).
Herbaceous perennial propagation (Joeright, Tschirhart, Heins, Cameron and Carlson, 2001).
Propagating perennials vegetatively (Perry).
Nutrition:
Forcing perennials: root zone management (Biernbaum and Morrison, 1999).
Overwintering:
Overwintering perennials: Plan ahead to fungicide drench and cover (Brusker, 2014)
Weed Control:
Challenges of managing weeds in perennial production (ornsymtalk3).
A review of weed control practices in landscape planting beds: Part I - Nonchemical weed control methods. (Marble et al., 2015. Hortscience, 50(6): 851-856.).
A review of weed control practices in landscape planting beds: Part II - Chemical weed control methods. (Marble et al., 2015. HortScience, 50(6): 857-862.).
Alternatives to herbicides (Derr, Virginia Tech.).
Weed control and phytotoxicity of selected herbicides for container production. (Case and Mathers).
SPECIFIC CROPS
Achillea:
Forcing Perennials: Achillea (Nausieda, Smith, Hayahsi, Fausey, Cameron, Heins and Carlson, 2000).
Adenanthos:
Adenanthos (Seed notes from Western Australia, #4, 1-4).
Agastache:
Forcing perennials: Agastache (Fausey, Runkle, Heins, Cameron and Carlson, 2002).
Aquilegia:
Production tips for top performers: Aquilegia vulgaris 'Winky Double Red and White' and 'Winky Double Dark Blue and White (Whitman and Padhye, 2008).
Forcing perennials: Aquilegia (Whitman, Cameron, Runkle and Heins, 2003).
Anemone:
Forcing Perennials: Anemone (Chong, Heins, Clough, Carmeron and Carlson, 2000).
Aster:
Comparative study of cultivated asters (Hawke, 2013)
Aster dumosus 'Sapphire' (Pilon, 2005)
Astilbe:
Perennial forcing: Astilbe (Runkle, Heins, Cameron and Carlson, 1998).
Bamboo:
A manual for vegetative propagation of bamboo (Banik, 1995).
Campanula:
Herbaceous perennials: Campanula punctata (Whitman, Cameron, Runkle and Heins, 2003).
Production tips for top performers: Campanula persicifolia 'Takion Blue' and 'Takion White' (Whitman and Padhye, 2008).
Cool Campanula (Padhye, Whitman, Runkle and Cameron, 2006).
Forcing perennials: Campanula 'Birch Hybrid' (Finical, Frane, Cameron, Heins, and Carlson, 1998).
Forcing perennials: Campanula carpatica 'Blue Clips' (Whitman, Heins, Cameron and Carlson, 1995).
Ceratostigma:
Herbaceous perennials: Ceratostigma plumbaginoides (Niu, Griffing, Runkle, Heins, Cameron and Carlson, 2001).
Chasmanthium latifolium:
Production tips for top performers: Chasmanthium latifolium (Padhye and Whitman, 2008).
Chrysanthemum:
Using controlled release fertilizers to produce garden mums (Catlin and Mattson, 2014)
Day neutral chrysanthemums (1990)
Garden mum production (Erwin, 2002).
Guide to successful outdoor garden mum production (Whipker and Cloyd)
To pinch or not to pinch (Heins)
'Tis the season to protect your mums from rust (Catlin, 2012)
Garden Mum propagation (Yoder Bros.)
Clematis:
Plant evaluation notes: Clematis for Northern landscapes (Hawke, 1997).
Clematis (Iowa Extension Service, 2013).
Corydalis:
Herbaceous perennials: noteworthy plants (Fausey, Cameron and Heins, 2001).
Coreopsis:
Production tips for top performers: Coreopsis 'Limerock Dream' and 'Limerock Passion'. (Padhye, Cameron and Whitman, 2008).
Coreopsis: A great all-american genus (Padhye and Camerob, 2005).
Effect of forcing temperature on time to flower of Coreopsis grandiflora, Gaillardia x grandiflora, Leucanthemum x superbum, and Rudbeckia fulgida (Yuan, Carlson, Heins, and Cameron, 1998).
Forcing perennials: Coreopsis verticillata (Hamaker, Heins, Cameron and Carlson, 1996).
Forcing perennials: Coreopsis grandiflora (Yuan, Heins, Cameron, and Carlson, 1996).
How to grow Coreopsis (Carey and Heims, 2012)
Dahlias:
Efficacy of A-Rest, Bonzi, and Sumagic on growth of tuberous rooted dahlias (Whipker)
Delphinium:
Forcing perennials: Delphinium (Whitman, Cameron, Runkle and Heins, 2003).
Forcing perennials: Delphinium Blue Mirrors (Frane, Wang, Heins, Carlson and Cameron, 1998).
Digitalis:
Herbaceous perennials: Digitalis (Foxglove) (Fausey, Cameron, Heins and Runkle, 2003).
Echinacea:
Evaluating new Echinacea cultivars (Whitman, Padhye, Cameron, Runkle, and DuRussel, 2007).
Controlling flowering of Echinacea (Warner, Runkle, Padhye and Whitman, Feb 13).
Echinacea 'Sunrise' & 'Harvet Moon' (Padhye and Whitman, 2008).
Forcing perennials: Echinacea purpurea 'Bravado' (Finical, Runkle, Heins, Cameron and Carlson, 1998).
Gaillardia:
Production tips for top performers: Gaillardia 'Oranges & Lemons' (Padhye and Whitman, 2008).
Effect of forcing temperature on time to flower of Coreopsis grandiflora, Gaillardia x grandiflora, Leucanthemum x superbum, and Rudbeckia fulgida (Yuan, Carlson, Heins, and Cameron, 1998).
Forcing perennials: Gaillardia x grandiflora (Yuan, Heins, Carlson, and Cameron, 1996).
Gaura:
Potted plant production of Gaura lindheimeri (Anderson and Peters, 2002).
Geranium:
Production tips for top performers: Geranium 'ozanne' (Whitman and Padhye, 2008).
Herbaceous perennials: noteworthy plants - Geranium sanguineum 'New Hampshire Purple' (Fausey, Cameron and Heins, 2001).
Forcing perennials: Geranium dalmaticum (Finical, Frane, Korman, Cameron, Heins, and Carlson, 1998).
Hardy geraniums (Faustgen, 1993).
Grasses:
Ornamental grasses: Not all grasses are created equal (Pilon, 2012)
Heuchera:
Forcing perennials: Heuchera (Fausey, Runkle, Cameron, Heins, Carlson, 2000).
Heuchera: pH induced iron toxicity (Taylor and Whipker, 2017)
Hardy Hibiscus:
Warm climate production guidelines for hardy hibiscus (Schoellhorn and Richardson, ENHFL04-11)
Modeling the effect of temperature on flowering of Hibiscus moscheutos (Wang, Heins, Carlson, and Cameron. 1998).
Forcing perennials: Hibiscus moscheutos (Wang, Heins, Carlson and Cameron, 1998).
Production tips for top performers: Hibiscus moscheutos (Whitman and Padhye, 2009).
Hosta:
Forcing perennials: Hosta (Fausey, Cameron, Heins and Carlson, 1999).
Lavendula:
Production tips for top performers: Lavandula stoechas (Whitman and Padhye, 2009).
Forcing perennials: Lavandula angustifolia (Whitman, Heins, cameron and Carlson, 1996).
Leucanthemum:
Forcing perennials: Leucanthemum x superbum 'Snowcap' (Runkle, Yuan, Morrison, heins, Cameron, and Carlson, 1998).
Effect of forcing temperature on time to flower of Coreopsis grandiflora, Gaillardia x grandiflora, Leucanthemum x superbum, and Rudbeckia fulgida (Yuan, Carlson, Heins, and Cameron, 1998).
LIRIOPE:
A horticultural study of Liriope and Ophiopogon: nomenclature, morphology, and culture (Broussard, 2007. PhD Thesis, Louisiana State University).
Species of Liriope cultivated in the Southeastern United States. (Fantz, 2008. HortTech., 18(3):343-348).
Liriope culture in Georgia. (Midcap and Clay, 2009. Georgia Ext Bull #755).
Overview of Liriope and Ophiopogon (Ruscaceae) naturalized and commonly cultivated in teh USA. (Nesom, 2010. Phytoneuron, 56:1-31).
Lily-turf: Liriope mascara. (Popenoe, 2008. IFAS extension bulletin).
Liriope 'Purple Explosion': Cultural information.
Lobelia:
Forcing perennials: Lobelia speciosa (Frane, Runkle, heins, Carlson and Cameron, 1998).
Nepeta:
Production tips for top performers: Nepeta x faassenii 'Walker's Low' (Padhye and Whitman, 2008).
Oenothera:
Forcing perennials: Oenothera fruticosa (Clough, Cameron, Heins and Cameron, 1999).
Ornamental Grasses:
Ornamental grasses - a new wave in floriculture crops (Cameron, 2004).
Oxalis:
Herbaceous perennials: Oxalis crassipes 'Rosea' (Whitman, Fausey, Runkle, heins, Cameron and Carlson, 2001).
Pachysandra:
Forcing perennials: Pachysandra terminalis (Niu, Runkle, Heins, Cameron and Carlson, 2001).
Pennisetum:
Perennials forcing: Pennisetum 'Purple Fountain' grass (Cameron, Fausey, Kern, Moore and Carlson, 2002).
Cultivating Purple Fountain Grass (Wang, Carlson, Gao, Cameron and Heins, 1999).
Bulking and height control of purple fountain grass with plant growth regulators (Owen and Lopez, 2017)
Penstemon:
Production tips for top performers: Penstemon (Whitamn and Padhye, 2008).
Forcing perennials: Penstemon 'Husker Red' (Clough, Cameron, Heins and Carlson, 2000).
Phlox:
Forcing perennials: Phlox paniculata (Enfield, Runkle, Heins, and Cameron, 2003).
Forcing perennials: Phlox subulata (Runkle, Heins, Cameron and Carlson, 2001).
Physostegia:
Forcing perennials: Physostegia (Hamaker, Heins, Cameron and Carlson, 1996).
Rudbeckia:
Effect of forcing temperature on time to flower of Coreopsis grandiflora, Gaillardia x grandiflora, Leucanthemum x superbum, and Rudbeckia fulgida (Yuan, Carlson, Heins, and Cameron, 1998).
Forcing perennials: Rudbeckia fulgida 'Goldstrum' (Yuan, Runkle, Heins, Cameron and Carlson, 1996).
Salvia:
Production tips for top performers: Salvia sylvestris (Whitman and Padhye, 2008).
Saxifraga:
Forcing perennials: Saxifraga x arendsii (Clough, cameron, heins and Carlson, 1999).
Scabiosa:
Herbaceous perennials: Scabiosa columbaria (Runkle, Heins, cameron and Carlson, 2001).
Sedum:
Forcing perennials: Sedum spectabile x telephium 'Autumn Joy' (Smith, Koreman, Frane, Heins, Cameron, and Carlson, 1998).
Stokesia:
Forcing perennials: Stokesia laevis 'Klaus Jelitto' (Clough, Cameron, Heins and Carlson, 1999).
Tritonia:
Spectacular, rewarding tritonias. (Duncan, 2006).
Veronica:
Forcing perennials: Veronica longifolia 'Sunny Border Blue' (Runkle, Heins, Cameron and Carlson, 1995).
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