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  • Commercial Info
    • General Culture >
      • Greenhouse Structures
      • Environment
      • Light and Daylength
      • Temperature
      • Nutrition
      • Water, Media and pH
      • Propagation
      • Weed Control
      • Plant Growth Regulators
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    • Greenhouse Ornamental Crop Production >
      • Seed Propagated Ornamentals and Edibles
      • Vegetatively Propagated Ornamentals
      • Flowering Potted Plant Production
      • Foliage Plant Production
      • Greenhouse Perennial Production
      • Carnivorous Plant Production
    • Outdoor Ornamental Crop Production >
      • Bedding Plants
      • Perennials
      • Outdoor Shrub, Vine and Tree Production
    • Indoor Food/Medicinal Production >
      • Leafy Greens
      • Lettuce
      • Tomatoes
      • Peppers and Eggplant
      • Cucumbers
      • Herbs
      • Fruit
      • Mushrooms
      • Cannabis
      • Aquaponics
      • Other
    • Postharvest Handling
    • New Ornamental and Food Crops
    • Deep Winter Greenhouses and High Tunnels
  • Home Gardening
    • Maryland Fruit and Vegetable Gardening
    • Vegetable Gardening
    • Northern Fruit Gardening
    • Vegetable Pests and Diseases
    • Flowers
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    • Landscape Trees and Shrubs
    • Mushrooms
  • Research
    • Research Partners >
      • Altman Plants Resources >
        • Altman Bonsall & Lodi
        • Altman C & S
        • Altman's Colorado
        • Altmans Plug Connection & Lodi
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Cauliflower
(Brassica oleracea Botrytis group) 

Picture
Cauliflower, (Brassica oleracea, variety botrytis), highly modified form of cabbage in the mustard family (Brassicaceae), grown for its edible masses of partially developed flower structures and fleshy stalks. Cauliflower is high in vitamins C and K and is frequently served as a cooked vegetable or used raw in salads and relishes.

Cauliflowers are annual plants that reach about 0.5 metre (1.5 feet) tall and bear large rounded leavesthat resemble collards (Brassica oleracea, variety acephala). As desired for food, the terminal cluster forms a firm, succulent “curd,” or head, that is an immature inflorescence (cluster of flowers). The broad leaves extend far above the curd and are often tied together before harvest to shade the curd and prevent discoloration. Commercially, white cauliflower is the most common, though orange, purple, green, and brown cultivars also exist. The plants produce cross-shaped yellow flowers and bear seeds in dry capsules known as siliques.

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Cauliflower is a cool-weather crop and requires consistent temperatures of about 16 °C (60 °F) to produce heads. The plants grow best in moist nitrogen-rich soil and will produce only small heads if stressed with drought. Clubroot, a fungal disease, is a common problem for cauliflower crops, and the plants are fairly susceptible to a number of foliage-eating insects, including cabbage loopers, cabbage whites, and aphids.


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